Parabens, parabenen

codes geen / geen

 

 

 

Formula

CAS

 

 

 
CAS: Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number
 

Background

The parabens are the most widely used preservatives in food, drugs, and cosmetics.
The paraben mix is used in commercial patch-test series to detect contact allergy this group of closely related preservatives. These allergens include Benzylparaben, Butylparaben, Ethylparaben, Methylparaben, and Propylparaben.

 

Synonyms

Aseptoform
Benzylparaben
Butylparaben
Ethylparaben
Germaben II (mixture)
Lexgard
Methylparaben
Nipagin
Nipastat (mixture)
p-Hydroxybenzoate
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid
Parabens
ParaseptLiqua par
Perservaben
Phenonip (mixture)
Propylparaben
Protaben
Undebenzofene-C (mixture)
Benzyl-4-hydroxybenzoate
Methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate
Ethyl-4-hydroxybenzoate
Propyl-4-hydroxybenzoate
Butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

 

Uses

Cosmetics
Medicines (topical and systemic)
Foods (marinated fish products, mayonnaise, salad dressings, spiced sauces, mustard, processed vegetables, frozen dairy products, baked goods)
Industrial (oils, fats, glues, shoe polish, textiles)

 

Cross-Reactions

 

 

Unusual Reactions

 

 

References

1.

Schamberg, I.L., Allergic contact dermatitis to methyl and propyl paraben. Archives of Dermatology, 1967. 95(6): p. 626-8.

2.

Fisher, A.A., F. Pascher, and N.B. Kanof, Allergic contact dermatitis due to ingredients of vehicles. A "vehicle tray" for patch testing. Archives of Dermatology, 1971. 104(3): p. 286-90.

3.

Aeling, J.L. and D.D. Nuss, Letter: Systemic eczematous "contact-type" dermatitis medicamentosa caused by parabens. Archives of Dermatology, 1974. 110(4): p. 640.

4.

Hannuksela, M., M. Kousa, and V. Pirila, Allergy to ingredients of vehicles. Contact Dermatitis, 1976. 2(2): p. 105-10.

5.

Marzulli, F.N. and H.I. Maibach, Contact allergy: predictive testing in man. Contact Dermatitis, 1976. 2(1): p. 1-17.

6.

Husain, S.L., Contact dermatitis in the West of Scotland. Contact Dermatitis, 1977. 3(6): p. 327-32.

7.

Simpson, J.R., Dermatitis due to parabens in cosmetic creams. Contact Dermatitis, 1978. 4(5): p. 311-2.

8.

Camarasa, J.M., First epidemiological study of contact dermatitis in Spain - 1977. Spanish Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Acta Dermato-Venereologica. Supplementum, 1979. 59(85): p. 33-7.

9.

Fisher, A.A., Paraben dermatitis due to a new medicated bandage: The "paraben paradox". Contact Dermatitis, 1979. 5(4): p. 273-4.

10.

Fraki, J.E., L. Peltonen, and V.K. Hopsu-Havu, Allergy to various components of topical preparations in stasis dermatitis and leg ulcer. Contact Dermatitis, 1979. 5(2): p. 97-100.

11.

Henry, J.C., E.H. Tschen, and L.E. Becker, Contact urticaria to parabens. Archives of Dermatology, 1979. 115(10): p. 1231-2.

12.

Angelini, G., G.A. Vena, and C.L. Meneghini, Shoe contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis, 1980. 6(4): p. 279-83.

13.

Wilkinson, J.D., E.M. Hambly, and D.S. Wilkinson, Comparison of patch test results in two adjacent areas of England. II. Medicaments. Acta Dermato-Venereologica, 1980. 60(3): p. 245-9.

14.

Fisher, A.A., Allergen replacement (alternatives) in the management of contact dermatitis. Cutis, 1981. 28(4): p. 368-70, 372.

15.

Kaplan, A.P., Drug-induced skin disease. Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, 1984. 74(4 Pt 2): p. 573-9.

16.

Adams, R.M. and H.I. Maibach, A five-year study of cosmetic reactions. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1985. 13(6): p. 1062-9.

17.

Angelini, G., G.A. Vena, and C.L. Meneghini, Allergic contact dermatitis to some medicaments. Contact Dermatitis, 1985. 12(5): p. 263-9.

18.

Fisher, A.A., Allergic reactions to contact lens solutions. Cutis, 1985. 36(3): p. 209-11.

19.

Gendler, E., Adverse reactions to cosmetics. Cutis, 1987. 39(6): p. 525-6.

20.

Gollhausen, R., et al., Trends in allergic contact sensitization. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 18(3): p. 147-54.

21.

Menne, T. and N. Hjorth, Routine patch testing with paraben esters. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 19(3): p. 189-91.

22.

Tosti, A., P.A. Fanti, and S. Pileri, Dermal contact dermatitis from benzylparaben. Contact Dermatitis, 1989. 21(1): p. 49-51.

23.

Carradori, S., A.M. Peluso, and M. Faccioli, Systemic contact dermatitis due to parabens. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 22(4): p. 238-9.

24.

Seidenari, S., et al., Patch and prick test study of 593 healthy subjects. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 23(3): p. 162-7.

25.

Fisher, A.A., A "current contact news" follow-up: controversial subjects and those resulting in litigation [news]. Cutis, 1993. 52(5): p. 254-6.

26.

Wurbach, G., H. Schubert, and I. Phillipp, Contact allergy to benzyl alcohol and benzyl paraben. Contact Dermatitis, 1993. 28(3): p. 187-8.

27.

Perrenoud, D., et al., Frequency of sensitization to 13 common preservatives in Switzerland. Swiss Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Contact Dermatitis, 1994. 30(5): p. 276-9.

28.

Rastogi, S.C., et al., Contents of methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl- and benzylparaben in cosmetic products. Contact Dermatitis, 1995. 32(1): p. 28-30.

 

 

 

 

 

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